Magazine Státní zastupitelství 1/2013

Prof. JUDr. Jaroslav Fenyk, Ph.D., DSc., advokát, email: kancelar@akfenyk.cz

The legitimacy of criminal law is expressed by the principles of legality, proportionality, ultima ratio, and subsidiarity. The reasoning of provision 12 par. 2 of Czech Penal Code uses a false thesis that subsidiarity and ultima ratio are the tools designed for the legislation, interpretation and application of a legal norm. However, foreign sources question this approach because it is in contradiction with a respected legal theory and the demand posed on criminal justice from the point of view of legitimacy. Legitimacy stands outside the realm of criminal law and cannot serve either as an interpretation or an application rule.

Mgr. Vladimír Hackl,státní zástupce MSZ v Praze, email: vhackl@msz.pha.justice.cz
JUDr. Zbyněk Žďárský,státní zástupce Nejvyššího státního zastupitelství, email: zdarsky@nsz.brn.justice.cz

The paper discusses the inconsistent practices of the Supreme Court in deciding competence disputes on the crime of embezzlement. While Vladimir Hackl opines that these disputes are decided mechanically without taking into account the fact that in case of embezzlement the scene of a crime is identical with that of consequence, Zbyněk Ždarský questions this view arguing that the act of embezzlement and its consequence usually take place in different locations.

PhDr. Šárka Blatníková, výzkumná pracovnice, Institut pro kriminologii a sociální prevenci, email: sblatnikova@iksp.justice.cz

The purpose of the paper is to inform public prosecutors about the latest developments in impo sing sec urity detention . ln addition to a general overview, information is provided about a sample of persons serving three years of security deten tion. lt refers to both, the individuals currently placed in the detention facility, as well as those current­ ly serving a prison sentence. The paper includes case st udies characterizing individua! types of offenders. The paper concludes with a brief summary of the current practice, encouraging discussion in view of an increasing number of offenders liable to security detention.

JUDr. Karel Šabata, Ph.D.,předseda senátu, Okresní soud v Uherském Hradišti, email: ksabata@osoud.uhr.justice.cz

Domestic violence is a topical problem. Preliminary measures are a way to provide protection against domestic violence. Preliminary measures can be used to disable access to the common dwelling. The paper discusses the issue of the duration of preliminary measures. lt is essential for the assessment of whether the objective nature of the facts of offence is filled.

PhDr. Kazimír Večerka, CSc.,vedoucí týmu prevence kriminality mládeže, Institut pro kriminologii a sociální prevenci, Praha, email: kvecerka@iksp.justice.cz

The article „Opinions of Juveniles in the CR on Cause of Crime Committed by Their Peers” is based on the results of a public opinion research carried out among young people between the age of 15 − 24 years. The article concentrates on respondents· opinions on cause of crime, it pays attention to their attitudes on selected life· s principles and opinions on the conditions they live in.

JUDr. Ing. Jan Čapek, CSc.,email: jncpk@seznam.cz

The Czech legislation contains the principle in dubio pro reo in its Article 2 § 2 of the Code of criminal procedure where the presumption of innocence is regulated. lt is possible to say that the principle in dubio pro reo is an integral part of the presumption of innocence or in other words that it is the other side of the same coin. ln any criminal case the principle in dubio pro reo serves as an important guarantee against arbitrary judgments.